(der-3), drā-, dreb-, drem-, dreu-

    (der-3), drā-, dreb-, drem-, dreu-

    English meaning: to run

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “laufen, treten, trippeln”

    Material: drü-: O.Ind. drǘ ti “ runs, hurries “, Intens. dáridrüti “ wanders around, is poor “, dári-dra- “ wandering, beggarly “; Gk. ἀπο-διδρά̄σκω “ run away “, Fut. δρά̄σομαι, Aor. ἔδρᾱν; δρᾱσμός, Ion. δρησμός “escape”, ἄδρᾱστος ‘striving not to escape”, δρᾱπέτης “ fugitive “, δρᾱπετεύω “ run away, splits, separates from” (compare to -π- O.Ind. Kaus. drüpayati “ brings to run “, Aor. adidrapat [uncovered] “runs”); O.H.G. zittarōm (*di-drü-mi) “tremble (*ready to flee)”, O.Ice. titra “tremble, wink” (originally perhaps “ walk on tiptoe; trip, wriggle restlessly “); perhaps here Slav. *dropy “ bustard “ (Machek ZslPh. 17, 260), Pol. Cz. drop, older drop(i)a etc, out of it M.H.G. trap(pe), trapgans. dreb-: Lith. drebù, -ėt́ i “tremble, quiver”; Pol. (etc) drabina “ladder”; O.E. treppan (*trapjan) “tread”, M.L.G. Dutch trappen ‘stomp”, N.Ger. trippen, Ger. (nd.)trappeln, trippeln, M.H.G. (nd.) treppe, trappe f., Ger. Treppe, O.E. træppe f. “trap”, Ger.Trappel, E.Fris. trappe, trap “trap, splint, staircase, stairs “; through emphatic nasalization, as in Ger. patschen - pantschen, ficken - fiencken (see W. Wissmann nom. Postverb. 160 ff., ZdA. 76, 1 ff.) to define: Goth. ana-trimpan “approach, beset”, M.L.G. trampen ‘stomp”, M.H.G. (N.Ger.) trampeln “appear crude”, Eng. tramp, trample “tread”, M.H.G. trumpfen “run, toddle”. drem-: O.Ind. drámati “ running “, Intens. dandramyatē “ runs to and fro “; Gk. Aor. ἔδραμον, perf. δέδρομα “run”, δρόμος “run”; O.E. trem, trym “ Fußtapfe “, O.N. tramr “fiend, demon” (see above), M.H.G. tremen “waver”, Dan. trimle “roll, fall, tumble”, Swe. dial. trumla ds., M.H.G. trame “ rung of a leader, stairs”; here probably Ger. FlN Dramme (Göttingen), Dremse (Magdeburg), from *Dromi̯ü and *Dromisü (probably N.Illyr.), in addition Pol. (Illyr.) Drama (Silesia), Bulg. Dramatica (Thrac.); s. Vasmer ZslPh. 5, 367, Pokorny Urillyrier 3, 37, 127; Maybe Alb. dromcë “piece, chip (of a blow)” insecure is Woods KZ. 45, 62 apposition of serb dȑmati ‘shake”, dȑmnuti “upset, allow to shake “, Sloven. dŕmati ‘shake, jiggle”, drámiti “ jiggle from the sleep “, drâmpati “ ungentle jiggle “; maybe Alb. dremit ‘sleep”, dërrmonj “exhaust, tire, destroy” Alb. proves that from Root der-, heavy basis derǝ-, drē- : “to cut, split, skin” derived Root (der-3), drü-, dreb-, drem-, dreu- : “to run”. Cz. drmlati “ flit, stir; move the lips, as if one sucking”, drmoliti “ take short steps “ (these in the good suitable meaning; ‘shake” from “ stumble with the foot “?), drmotiti “chat, prate” (probably crossing of meaning with the onomatopoeic word root der-der-2, see there). Maybe Alb. onomatopoeic (*der-der-) dër dër ‘stupid talk”; dreu- (partly with ū as zero grade, probably because of *dreu̯üx-), FlN (participle) dr(o)u(u̯)entī/i̯ü: O.Ind. drávati “ runs, also melts “, FlN Dravantī, drutá- “hurrying”, Av. drüvaya- “run” (being from daēvischen), draoman- n. “attack, onrush”, aēšmō-drūt(a)- “ calling from Aēsma, sends to attack “ (very doubtful O.Ind. dráviṇa-m, dráviṇas- n. “blessing, fortune”, Av. draonah- n. “ bei der Besitzverteilung zufallendes Gut, Vermögensanteil “ perhaps as “traveling fortune”?); Illyr.-pannon. FlN Dravos (*drou̯o-s), out of it Ser.-Cr. Dráva, compare O.Pol. Drawa (Illyr. Lw.); IE *drou̯ent- “hurrying” > Illyr. *drau̯ent- (: above O.Ind. Dravanti), out of it dial. *trau̯ent- in FlN Σράεντ- (Bruttium) > Ital. Trionto; IE *druu̯ent-, Illyr. *druent- in Pol. FlN Drwęca, Ger. Drewenz; Ital. *truent- in FlN Truentus (Picenum); maybe Alb. (*druent-) Drinos river name “hurrying water?” common Alb. nt > n phonetic mutatIon. Gaul. FlN (from dem NordIllyr.?) Druentia (Fr. la Drance, Drouance, Durance, Swissla Dranse); *Drutos, Fr. le Drot; Drutü, Fr. la Droude; Lith. sea name *Drùv-intas (wRuss. Drywiaty); aPruss. stream, brook Drawe. Auf dreu-, participle *dru-to- based on perhaps (see Osthoff Par. I 372 f. Anm.) Goth. trudan “tread”, O.N. troða , trað ds.; O.E. tredan, O.H.G. tretan “tread” (by Osthoffs outlook of ablaut neologism), O.H.G. trata “tread, spoor, way, alley, drift, trailing”, O.S. trada “tread, spoor”, O.E. trod n., trodu f. ‘spoor, way, alley” (Eng. trade “trade” is N.. Lw.), O.H.G. trota, M.H.G. trotte f. “ wine-press “, Intens. O.H.G. trottōn “tread”; Ger. dial. trotteln “ go slowly “. Here also Gmc. root *tru-s- in E.Fris. trũseln “lurch, stumble, go uncertainly or staggering “, trũsel “ dizziness, giddiness “, Dutch treuzelen “ to be slow, dawdle, loiter”, Westfäl. trūseln, truǝseln “ roll slowly “, M.H.G. trollen (*truzlōn) “move in short steps constantly”, Ger. trollen, Swe. dial. trösale “fairy demon, ghost”, Nor. dial. trusal “idiot, fool”, trusk “ despondent and stupid person”; Maybe through metathesis Alb. (*trusal) trullos, trallis “make the head dizzy”, tru “brain” as well as (as *truzlá-) O.N. troll n. “fiend, demon”, M.H.G. trol, trolle m. “fairy demon, ghost, fool, uncouth person” (compare unser Trampel in same meaning; the Wandals called the Goths Σρούλους, Loewe AfdA. 27, 107); it stands in same the way besides Gmc. tre-m- (see under) O.N. tramr “fiend, demon”. In Gmc. furthermore with i-vocalism M.L.G. trīseln, Westfäl. triǝseln “roll, lurch”, Du.trillen “tremble” (from which Ital. trillare “quiver, trill hit”) etc against association of O.Ind. drávati with Av. dvaraiti “goes” see under *dheu-, *dheu̯er- “flee”.

    References: WP. I 795 ff., Krahe IF. 58, 151 f., Feist 45.